Since the 1960s, with the acceptance of public places for recreation with optional clothing, people who do not identify themselves as naturists or nudists have been able to participate casually in nudist activities. The widespread publication of these articles, and others, contributed to an explosive growth of nudism around the world, in which nudists participated naked in various social, recreational and fitness activities. Once again, one possible interpretation is that community nudity improved the body image, self-esteem, and life satisfaction of the participants. Kurt Barthel founded the American League of Physical Culture in 1929 and organized the first nudist event.
Ethical or philosophical nudism has a long history, with many advocates of the benefits of enjoying nature without clothes. In fact, parental exposure to nudity was associated with lower recreational drug use and higher levels of self-acceptance. In study 1, the proposed relationships between naturism, body image, self-esteem and satisfaction with life were applied to both women and men and, more strongly, to those who participated in naturist activities less frequently, indicating that the findings were probably more applicable to the general public than to those who frequently undress in public. In Canada, people from all over the country became interested in nudism, nude bathing, and physical culture in the early 20th century.
This is important because identification and behavior may not always match; many more people participate in an optional clothing activity than would identify themselves as naturists or nudists (Ipsos-Mori 201). Other municipalities (such as Barcelona, Salou, Platja de Palma and Sant Antoni de Portmany) have used similar provisions to regulate partial nudity, requiring people to cover their torso in the street. In general, Dutch people are very tolerant of nudity on the beach, as long as it doesn't affect others or involve staring or engaging in inappropriate sexual behavior.
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